【英语语法】现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别,珠海IBS英语学校编辑和大家分享现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别,请阅读下文。
现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别:
现在分词作定语时,它所修饰的名词通常就是现在分词的逻辑主语,并且通常可转换成一个定语从句;而动名词作定语表示的是被修饰名词的作用、用途等。
比较:
a moving truck 正在移动的汽车(moving为现在分词,与truck有主谓关系)
a moving truck 搬家汽车(moving为动名词,说明truck的用途)
a hunting dog 正在猎物的狗(hunting为现在分词,与dog有主谓关系)
a hunting dog 猎狗(hunting为动名词,说明dog的用途)
分词用作状语
分词作状语可以表示多种关系:
(1) 表时间:
Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 见到猫,老鼠就跑了。
The work finished, he went home. 工作做完后,他就回家了。
(2) 表原因:
Being very weak, she couldn’t move. 她由于身体虚弱而不能行动。
His car broken down, he had to walk. 他的车坏了,所以只好走路。
Much discouraged,she moved on to London. 她很沮丧,搬到了伦敦。
(3) 表条件:
United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存,分裂则亡。
Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间,我们可以做得更好。
Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作,你就可以成功。
Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来,我们就可以得到答案。
(4) 表让步:
Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外,他仍去上课。
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了,他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。
(5) 表方式:
He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋生。
I'm returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。
(6) 表伴随:
He sat in the chair reading newspapers. 他坐在椅子上看报。
Don't you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。
He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来,后面跟着他的妻子。
(7) 表结果:
He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了,打死了一个过路人。
He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了,留下他妻子和五个孩子。
It rained and rained, vehicles bogged and bridges washed out. 雨不停地下,车辆陷入泥沼,桥梁被水冲去。
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